Human Anatomy and Physiology Practice Test 5

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This Human Anatomy and Physiology Practice Test Contains 250 Questions but every time you will get 20 different Questions to answer

1 / 20

Which of the following is not a steroid?

Etiocholanolone

17?-hydroxyprogesterone

Pregnenolone

Relaxin

2 / 20

In an experiment, a scientist treats a group of mice with an antiserum that substantially depletes the number of circulating neutrophils. Compared with untreated control animals, the mice with reduced numbers of neutrophils were found to be significantly more susceptible to death induced by bacterial inoculation. The increased mortality can be ascribed to a relative deficit in which of the following?

Acquired immunity

Oxidants

Platelets

Granulocyte/macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF)

3 / 20

A 20-year-old college student comes to the student health center in April complaining of runny nose and congestion, itchy eyes, and wheezing. She reports that similar symptoms have occurred at the same time each year, and that she obtains some relief from over-the-counter antihistamine drugs, although they make her too drowsy to study. Her symptoms can most likely be attributed to inappropriate synthesis of which of the following antibodies specific for tree pollen?

IgA

IgD

IgG

IgE

4 / 20

Increasing intracellular I- due to the action of NIS is an example of

Primary active transport

Passive diffusion

Secondary active transport

Na+ and K+ cotransport

5 / 20

. Maximum absorption of short-chain fatty acids produced by bacteria occurs in the

colon

jejunum

duodenum.

stomach.

6 / 20

Glucagon increases glycogenolysis in liver cells but ACTH does not because

cortisol increases the plasma glucose level

liver cells have an adenylyl cyclase different from that in adrenocortical cells.

liver cells contain a protein that inhibits the action of ACTH

the membranes of liver cells contain receptors different from those in adrenocortical cells

7 / 20

Following a natural disaster in Haiti, there is an outbreak of cholera among displaced persons living in a tent encampment. The affected individuals display severe diarrheal symptoms because of which of the following changes in intestinal transport?

Reduced K+ absorption in the crypts of Lieberk?hn

Increased Cl? secretion into the intestinal lumen

Increased Na+-K+ cotransport in the small intestine

Increased K+ secretion into the colon

8 / 20

Which of the following statements about glia is true?

Protoplasmic astrocytes produce substances that are tropic to neurons to help maintain the appropriate concentration of ions and neurotransmitters by taking up K+ and the neurotransmitters glutamate and GABA.

Glia do not undergo proliferation.

Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells are involved in myelin formation around axons in the peripheral and central nervous systems, respectively.

Microglia arise from macrophages outside of the nervous system and are physiologically and embryologically similar to other neural cell types.

9 / 20

As a result of an automobile accident, a 10-year-old boy suffered damage to the brain including the periamygdaloid, piriform, and entorhinal cortices. Which of the following sensory deficits is he most likely to experience?

No major sensory deficits

Hyperosmia

Taste and odor abnormalities

Auditory problems

10 / 20

The migrating motor complex is triggered by which of the following?

Somatostatin

Motilin

CCK

11 / 20

A patient suffering from severe ulcerative colitis undergoes a total colectomy with formation of a stoma. After a full recovery from surgery, and compared to his condition prior to surgery, which of the following would be expected to be decreased?

Circulating levels of conjugated bile acids

Ability to clot the blood

Urinary urobilinogen

Urinary urea

12 / 20

Which of the following is not correctly paired?

Molecular motors: Dynein and kinesin

Fast axonal transport: ~400 mm/day

Slow axonal transport: 0.5-10 mm/day

Synaptic transmission: Antidromic conduction

13 / 20

The membrane potential of a particular cell is at the K+ equilibrium. The intracellular concentration for K+ is at 150 mmol/L and the extracellular concentration for K+ is at 5.5 mmol/L. What is the resting potential?

+70 mV

-70 mV

+90 mV

-90 mV

14 / 20

The action potential of skeletal muscle

None of the above

is longer than the action potential of cardiac muscle.

spreads inward to all parts of the muscle via the T tubules.

has a prolonged plateau phase

15 / 20

Withdrawal reflexes are not

accompanied by the same response on both sides of the body

prolonged if the stimulus is strong

prepotent.

an example of a flexor reflex.

16 / 20

A 60-year-old woman undergoes total pancreatectomy because of the presence of a tumor. Which of the following outcomes would not be expected after she recovers from the operation?

Metabolic acidosis

Steatorrhea

Hyperglycemia

Weight gain

17 / 20

What would the diagnosis be if a patient had the following test results? Weber test showed that sound from a vibrating tuning fork was louder than normal; Schwabach test showed that bone conduction was better than normal; and Rinne test showed that air conduction did not outlast bone conduction.

Normal hearing

Sensorial deafness in both ears

Conduction deafness in both ears

Both sensorial and conduction deafness

18 / 20

The electrogenic Na, K ATPase plays a critical role in cellular physiology by

using the energy in moving Na+ into the cell or K+ outside the cell to make ATP

using the energy in moving Na+ outside of the cell or K+ inside the cell to make ATP

using the energy in ATP to extrude 3 K+ out of the cell in exchange for taking two Na+ into the cell

using the energy in ATP to extrude 3 Na+ out of the cell in exchange for taking two K+ into the cell

19 / 20

A 57-year-old man had severe hypertension that was found to result from a tumor compressing on the surface of the medulla.Which one of the following statements about pathways involved in the control of sympathetic nerve activity is correct?

Unlike the activity in ?-motor neurons, sympathetic preganglionic neurons are not under any significant reflex control.

The activity of sympathetic preganglionic neurons can be affected by the activity of neurons in the amygdala.

The major source of excitatory input to preganglionic sympathetic nerves is the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus.

Preganglionic sympathetic nerves receive inhibitory input from the rostral ventrolateral medulla.

20 / 20

Cell membranes

contain relatively few protein molecules

are freely permeable to electrolytes but not to proteins

contain many carbohydrate molecules

have variable protein and lipid contents depending on their location in the cell

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